ABSTRACT OF PAPER
Title: JUSTICE AND PROPERTY:THE DEBATE ON THE TRANSFORMATION OF LANDED PROPERTY IN XIX CENTURY
Author: La Bruna Anna
The reaction to the classical school’s economic theory of property and the individualistic principles of the 18th century led, in the 19th and 20th century, to intense debate throughout Europe on the transformations of landed property. Discussion dwelt on those forms of ownership of land that would allow for maximum development and a fair distribution of wealth – of new landed property systems answering better to the purposes of social-economic ends.Such ideas inspired a great many projects for agrarian and social legislation in Europe and America in the 19th and 20th century. Starting with the writings of Laveleye in the 1870s on the land system in the ancient society, discussion developed in France, Italy, Germany and Great Britain on forms of ownership and land economy, resulting in a broad and varied range of positions also in relation to the dominant economic theories of rent and profit. The range went from the most conservative positions presenting economic arguments to legitimise large-scale landholding and the protection of agriculture to the exponents of economic liberalism, opposed to all forms of protection but in favour of the existing property system, and on to the democratic positions favouring the creation of small peasant holdings. There were also some who saw more efficient management of land in state ownership of the natural goods, others who theorised the coexistence of private and public property, and the extreme positions of those advocating the collectivisation of land. It was against the background of this debate that the new concepts of cooperation and economic associationism in the agricolture emerged.
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