ABSTRACT OF PAPER
Title: Polanyi’s interpretation of fascism and democracy
Author: Becchio Giandomenica
According to Polanyi, fascism was a new political movement which either gradually (like in Italy) or brutally quickly (like in Germany) destroyed democracy. The same process occurred in the Soviet Union: Stalinism was a form of fascism that destroyed democracy. According to Polanyi, fascism and stalinism were based on the concept of “totality”: every aspect of individual life is intended to be ruled and subjugated to the leadership, and individuals are servants of the State. The annihilation of individuality is the most massive antidemocratic feature of fascism. The aim of this paper is to show that, in the 1930s and in the 1940s, Polanyi intended Fascism as the political consequence of the dichotomy between economy and politics as well as ethics.
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